Spring Data 框架集成

Spring Data 框架介绍

Spring Data 是一个用于简化数据库、非关系型数据库、索引库访问,并支持云服务的开源框架。其主要目标是使得对数据的访问变得方便快捷,并支持 map-reduce 框架和云计算数据服务。 Spring Data 可以极大的简化 JPA(Elasticsearch……)的写法,可以在几乎不用写实现的情况下,实现对数据的访问和操作。除了 CRUD 外,还包括如分页、排序等一些常用的功能。

Spring Data 的官网:https://spring.io/projects/spring-data

图片来自 1-尚硅谷项目课程系列之Elasticsearch,第 98 页

Spring Data 常用的功能模块如下:

图片来自 1-尚硅谷项目课程系列之Elasticsearch,第 99 页

Spring Data Elasticsearch 介绍

Spring Data Elasticsearch 基于 spring data API 简化 Elasticsearch 操作,将原始操作Elasticsearch 的客户端 API 进行封装 。Spring Data 为 Elasticsearch 项目提供集成搜索引擎。Spring Data Elasticsearch POJO 的关键功能区域为中心的模型与 Elastichsearch 交互文档和轻松地编写一个存储索引库数据访问层。

官方网站:https://spring.io/projects/spring-data-elasticsearch

图片来自 1-尚硅谷项目课程系列之Elasticsearch,第 99 页

Spring Data Elasticsearch 版本对比

图片来自 1-尚硅谷项目课程系列之Elasticsearch,第 99 页

目前最新 springboot 对应 Elasticsearch7.6.2,Spring boot2.3.x 一般可以兼容 Elasticsearch7.x

框架集成

  1. 创建Maven项目
  2. 修改pom文件,增加依赖关系
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.atguigu</groupId>
    <artifactId>es</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
  1. 增加配置文件

在resources目录中增加application.properties文件

# es服务地址
elasticsearch.host=127.0.0.1
# es服务端口
elasticsearch.port=9200
# 配置日志级别,开启debug日志
logging.level.com.atguigu.es=debug
  1. SpringBoot 主程序
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringDataElasticSearchMainApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringDataElasticSearchMainApplication.class,args);
    }
}
  1. 数据实体类
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@ToString
@Document(indexName = "product", shards = 3, replicas = 1)
public class Product {
    @Id
    private Long id;//商品唯一标识
    @Field(type = FieldType.Text)
    private String title;//商品名称
    @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
    private String category;//分类名称
    @Field(type = FieldType.Double)
    private Double price;//商品价格
    @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword, index = false)
    private String images;//图片地址
}
  1. 配置类
  • ElasticsearchRestTemplate 是 spring-data-elasticsearch 项目中的一个类,和其他 spring 项目中的 template类似。
  • 在新版的 spring-data-elasticsearch 中,ElasticsearchRestTemplate 代替了原来的 ElasticsearchTemplate。
  • 原因是 ElasticsearchTemplate 基于 TransportClient,TransportClient 即将在 8.x 以后的版本中移除。所以,我们推荐使用 ElasticsearchRestTemplate。
  • ElasticsearchRestTemplate 基 于 RestHighLevelClient 客 户 端 的 。 需 要 自 定 义 配 置 类 , 继 承AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration,并实现 elasticsearchClient()抽象方法,创建 RestHighLevelClient 对象。
import lombok.Data;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClientBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.config.AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "elasticsearch")
@Configuration
@Data
public class ElasticsearchConfig extends AbstractElasticsearchConfiguration {
    private String host ;
    private Integer port ;

    //重写父类方法
    @Override
    public RestHighLevelClient elasticsearchClient() {
        RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(new HttpHost(host, port));
        RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient = new RestHighLevelClient(builder);
        return restHighLevelClient;
    }
}
  1. DAO 数据访问对象
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface ProductDao extends ElasticsearchRepository<Product,Long> {
}

框架集成操作测试

索引操作

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringDataESIndexTest {
    @Autowired
    private ElasticsearchRestTemplate elasticsearchRestTemplate;

    //创建索引并增加映射配置
    @Test
    public void createIndex(){
        System.out.println("创建索引");
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteIndex(){
        //创建索引,系统初始化会自动创建索引
        boolean flg = elasticsearchRestTemplate.deleteIndex(Product.class);
        System.out.println("删除索引 = " + flg);
    }
}

文档操作

import com.lun.dao.ProductDao;
import com.lun.model.Product;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringDataESProductDaoTest {

    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;
    /**
     * 新增
     */
    @Test
    public void save(){
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(2L);
        product.setTitle("华为手机");
        product.setCategory("手机");
        product.setPrice(2999.0);
        product.setImages("http://www.atguigu/hw.jpg");
        productDao.save(product);
    }

    //修改
    @Test
    public void update(){
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(2L);
        product.setTitle("小米 2 手机");
        product.setCategory("手机");
        product.setPrice(9999.0);
        product.setImages("http://www.atguigu/xm.jpg");
        productDao.save(product);
    }

    //根据 id 查询
    @Test
    public void findById(){
        Product product = productDao.findById(2L).get();
        System.out.println(product);
    }

    @Test
    public void findAll(){
        Iterable<Product> products = productDao.findAll();
        for (Product product : products) {
            System.out.println(product);
        }
    }

    //删除
    @Test
    public void delete(){
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(2L);
        productDao.delete(product);
    }

    //批量新增
    @Test
    public void saveAll(){
        List<Product> productList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Product product = new Product();
            product.setId(Long.valueOf(i));
            product.setTitle("["+i+"]小米手机");
            product.setCategory("手机");
            product.setPrice(1999.0 + i);
            product.setImages("http://www.atguigu/xm.jpg");
            productList.add(product);
        }
        productDao.saveAll(productList);
    }

    //分页查询
    @Test
    public void findByPageable(){
        //设置排序(排序方式,正序还是倒序,排序的 id)
        Sort sort = Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC,"id");
        int currentPage=0;//当前页,第一页从 0 开始, 1 表示第二页
        int pageSize = 5;//每页显示多少条
        //设置查询分页
        PageRequest pageRequest = PageRequest.of(currentPage, pageSize,sort);
        //分页查询
        Page<Product> productPage = productDao.findAll(pageRequest);
        for (Product Product : productPage.getContent()) {
            System.out.println(Product);
        }
    }
}

文档搜索

import com.lun.dao.ProductDao;
import com.lun.model.Product;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.TermQueryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringDataESSearchTest {

    @Autowired
    private ProductDao productDao;
    /**
     * term 查询
     * search(termQueryBuilder) 调用搜索方法,参数查询构建器对象
     */
    @Test
    public void termQuery(){
        TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "小米");
                Iterable<Product> products = productDao.search(termQueryBuilder);
        for (Product product : products) {
            System.out.println(product);
        }
    }
    /**
     * term 查询加分页
     */
    @Test
    public void termQueryByPage(){
        int currentPage= 0 ;
        int pageSize = 5;
        //设置查询分页
        PageRequest pageRequest = PageRequest.of(currentPage, pageSize);
        TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("title", "小米");
                Iterable<Product> products =
                        productDao.search(termQueryBuilder,pageRequest);
        for (Product product : products) {
            System.out.println(product);
        }
    }

}

Spark Streaming 框架集成

Spark Streaming 框架介绍

Spark Streaming 是 Spark core API 的扩展,支持实时数据流的处理,并且具有可扩展,高吞吐量,容错的特点。 数据可以从许多来源获取,如 Kafka,Flume,Kinesis 或 TCP sockets, 并且可以使用复杂的算法进行处理,这些算法使用诸如 map,reduce,join 和 window 等高 级函数表示。 最后,处理后的数据可以推送到文件系统,数据库等。 实际上,您可以将 Spark 的机器学习和图形处理算法应用于数据流。

图片来自 1-尚硅谷项目课程系列之Elasticsearch,第 107 页

框架集成

  1. 创建Maven项目
  2. 修改 pom 文件,增加依赖关系
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.atguigu.es</groupId>
    <artifactId>es-sparkstreaming</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-core_2.12</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
            <artifactId>spark-streaming_2.12</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- elasticsearch的客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- elasticsearch依赖2.x的log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        <dependency>-->
        <!--            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>-->
        <!--            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>-->
        <!--            <version>2.11.1</version>-->
        <!--        </dependency>-->
        <!--        <!– junit单元测试 –>-->
        <!--        <dependency>-->
        <!--            <groupId>junit</groupId>-->
        <!--            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>-->
        <!--            <version>4.12</version>-->
        <!--        </dependency>-->
    </dependencies>
</project>
  1. 功能实现
package com.atguigu.es

import org.apache.http.HttpHost
import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
import org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream.ReceiverInputDStream
import org.apache.spark.streaming.{Seconds, StreamingContext}
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.{IndexRequest, IndexResponse}
import org.elasticsearch.client.{RequestOptions, RestClient, RestHighLevelClient}
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType

object SparkStreamingESTest {

    def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

        val sparkConf = new SparkConf().setMaster("local[*]").setAppName("ESTest")
        val ssc = new StreamingContext(sparkConf, Seconds(3))

        val ds: ReceiverInputDStream[String] = ssc.socketTextStream("localhost", 9999)
        ds.foreachRDD(
            rdd => {
                rdd.foreach(
                    data => {
                        val client = new RestHighLevelClient(
                            RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost",9200, "http"))
                        )

                        val ss = data.split(" ")

                        val request = new IndexRequest()
                        request.index("product").id(ss(0))
                        val json =
                            s"""
                              | {  "data" : "${ss(1)}" }
                              |""".stripMargin
                        request.source(json, XContentType.JSON)

                        val response: IndexResponse = client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT)
                        println(response.getResult)
                        client.close()
                    }
                )
            }
        )

        ssc.start()
        ssc.awaitTermination()
    }
}

Apache Spark 是一种基于内存的快速、通用、可扩展的大数据分析计算引擎。

Apache Spark 掀开了内存计算的先河,以内存作为赌注,赢得了内存计算的飞速发展。 但是在其火热的同时,开发人员发现,在 Spark 中,计算框架普遍存在的缺点和不足依然没 有完全解决,而这些问题随着 5G 时代的来临以及决策者对实时数据分析结果的迫切需要而 凸显的更加明显:

  • 数据精准一次性处理(Exactly-Once)
  • 乱序数据,迟到数据
  • 低延迟,高吞吐,准确性
  • 容错性

Apache Flink 是一个框架和分布式处理引擎,用于对无界和有界数据流进行有状态计算。在 Spark 火热的同时,也默默地发展自己,并尝试着解决其他计算框架的问题。 慢慢地,随着这些问题的解决,Flink 慢慢被绝大数程序员所熟知并进行大力推广,阿里公 司在 2015 年改进 Flink,并创建了内部分支 Blink,目前服务于阿里集团内部搜索、推荐、 广告和蚂蚁等大量核心实时业务。

框架集成

  1. 创建Maven项目
  2. 修改 pom 文件,增加相关依赖类库
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.atguigu.es</groupId>
    <artifactId>es-flink</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-scala_2.12</artifactId>
            <version>1.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-streaming-scala_2.12</artifactId>
            <version>1.12.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-clients_2.12</artifactId>
            <version>1.12.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-connector-elasticsearch7_2.11</artifactId>
            <version>1.12.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- jackson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>
  1. 功能实现
package com.atguigu.es;


import org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.RuntimeContext;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchSinkFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.elasticsearch.RequestIndexer;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.connectors.elasticsearch7.ElasticsearchSink;
import org.apache.flink.table.descriptors.Elasticsearch;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.client.Requests;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class FlinkElasticsearchSinkTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        // 构建Flink环境对象
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

        // Source : 数据的输入
        DataStreamSource<String> source = env.socketTextStream("localhost", 9999);

        // 使用ESBuilder构建输出
        List<HttpHost> hosts = new ArrayList<>();
        hosts.add(new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 9200, "http"));
        ElasticsearchSink.Builder<String> esBuilder = new ElasticsearchSink.Builder<>(hosts,
                 new ElasticsearchSinkFunction<String>() {

                     @Override
                     public void process(String s, RuntimeContext runtimeContext, RequestIndexer requestIndexer) {
                         Map<String, String> jsonMap = new HashMap<>();
                         jsonMap.put("data", s);

                         IndexRequest indexRequest = Requests.indexRequest();
                         indexRequest.index("flink-index");
                         indexRequest.id("9001");
                         indexRequest.source(jsonMap);

                         requestIndexer.add(indexRequest);
                     }
                 });

        // Sink : 数据的输出
        esBuilder.setBulkFlushMaxActions(1);
        source.addSink(esBuilder.build());

        // 执行操作
        env.execute("flink-es");

    }
}